Search results
(1 - 8 of 8)
- Title
- American Annals of the Deaf and Dumb Vol.14 No.4
- Created
- October 1, 1869
- Publisher
- Washington, D.C. : Executive Committee of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf, 1886-
- Type
- Magazines (periodicals), Text
- Description
- 66 p. : ill., ports.; 22-28 cm.
- Subject
- Bone conduction hearing--Deaf, Mathematics instruction--Deaf education, Language acquisition--Deaf, Prendergast, Thomas--Language acquisition theory, Marcel, C.--Language acquisition theory, Textbooks--Deaf education, Textbooks--Deaf education--Bibliography, National Deaf Mute College--Commencement addresses (1869), Michigan Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind--1861-1869, Speech instruction--Schools--Deaf, Ontario Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--Facilities, Schools--Deaf--Land grants, Teachers--Deaf--Salaries, Educational administrators--Deaf education--Salaries, Illinois Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--Land grants, Ohio Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb--Land grants, American Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb--Language instruction, New York Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--Language ins, Ohio Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb--Language instructi, Indiana Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--Language inst, California Institution for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind--Language instru, Michigan Institution for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind--Language instruct, Wisconsin Institute for the Deaf and Dumb--Language instruction, Illinois Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--Language instruction, Iowa State Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--Language instruction, Minnesota Institute for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind--Language instructi, Missouri Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb--Language instruction, Columbia Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--Language instruction, Clarke Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--Language instr, Louisiana Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb and the Blin, Stone, Edward C., Wells, Mary C., Stansbury, Caroline K., Tillinghast, David R., Stansbury, Mary E., Thompson, Richard T., Georgia Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb--Staff salaries
- Title
- American Annals of the Deaf and Dumb Vol.16 No.3
- Created
- July 1, 1871
- Publisher
- Washington, D.C. : Executive Committee of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf, 1886-
- Type
- Magazines (periodicals), Text
- Description
- 70 p. : ill., ports.; 22-28 cm.
- Subject
- Mathematics instruction--Deaf education, Clerc, Laurent--Memorials, Michigan Institution for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind--Teachers, Nicoles, P. N., Pomeroy, L. D., Textbooks--Deaf education, Hutton, J. Scott, Primary Vocabulary and Phrase Book (Book review), Deaf-Mute's Question Book (Book review), Elementary Exercises on the Four Simple Rules of Arithmetic (Book review), Arithmetical Tables (Book review), Geography of Nova Scotia (Book review), Elementary Course of Religious Instruction for the Deaf and (Book review, Education--Deaf--Decline, Education--Deaf--Effectiveness, Pennsylvania Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--Anniversaries, Ulster Society for Promoting the Education of the Deaf and Dumb and the Bli, Kingham, John, Schools--Deaf--Ireland, Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf and Dumb (1870)--Proceedings, Greenberger, David, Chicago Day-School for the Deaf and Dumb--1870, Oregon School for the Education of Deaf Mutes--1870, Smith, W. S., Boston School for Deaf-Mutes, Bell, Alexander Graham, Education--Deaf--Legislation--Great Britain, Schools--Deaf--Great Britain--Murders, Murders--Deaf, Hailstone, Maria, Sleight, Charles, Hull's School for the Deaf and Dumb (Kensington, England)--Murders, Moore, Gideon E., Moore, Henry Humphrey, Discipline--Deaf education, Treitschke, Heinrich von, Legislators--Deaf--Germany, Members of parliaments--Deaf--Germany, Soldiers--Deaf--France, Refugees--Deaf--France, Iowa State Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--1870, National Deaf-Mute College--1871
- Title
- American Annals of the Deaf and Dumb Vol.21 No.2
- Created
- April 1, 1876
- Publisher
- Washington, D.C. : Executive Committee of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf, 1886-
- Type
- Magazines (periodicals), Text
- Description
- 72 p. : ill., ports.; 22-28 cm.
- Subject
- New York Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--Epidemics, Pettengell, John Hancock, Indiana Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--1875, Indiana Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--Investigation, Latham, ____ (Dr.), Mississippi Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--1876, Texas Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb--1876, Van Nostrand, J., Minnesota Institute for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind--1876, Minnesota Institute for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind--Periodicals, Periodicals--Deaf, Gopher, The (Periodical), Western New York Institution for Deaf-Mutes--1876, Westervelt, Z. F., London Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb (Margate)--1876, Elliott, Richard, New England Gallaudet Association of Deaf-Mutes--Conventions--1876, School libraries--Deaf education, Centennial Exhibition (Philadelphia, PA: 1876)--Exhibits--Deaf, Visible Speech--Classes--Boston, MA, Hill, Friedrich Moritz, New York Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--1875, Wilke, Carl Heinrich, Teachers--Deaf--Germany, Educational methods--Deaf--Germany--History, Oral method--Germany--1875, De Haerne, Desire Pierre Antoine, Poems, De Haerne, Desire Pierre Antoine--Portraits, Congresses--Deaf--Germany--1875, Conventions--Deaf--Germany--1875, Oralism vs. manualism debate--Germany--1875, College preparation--Deaf students, National Deaf-Mute College--Preparatory class, Statistics of the Deaf and Dumb (Book review), Statistics--Deaf--Great Britain--1875, Census--Deaf--Great Britain--1871, Origin of Our Alphabet (Book review), Analysis of the Roman Alphabet (Book review), L'Abbe Sicard, Celebre Instituteur des Sourds-Muets (Book review), Berthier, Ferdinand, Arithmetic instruction--Deaf education, Mathematics instruction--Deaf education, Sermons for children, Rills from the Fountain of Life (Book review), Leaves from the Tree of Life (Book review), King's Highway, The (Book review), Bible Jewels (Book review), Nature's Wonders (Book review), Best Things (Book review), Giants, The (Book review), New York Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--1876, Murderers, Accused--Deaf--England--Trials, Todd, Samuel, Murder trials--Deaf--England--Interpreting, Howe, Samuel Gridley, Bridgman, Laura Dewey, Caswell, Oliver
- Title
- American Annals of the Deaf and Dumb Vol.24 No.1
- Created
- January 1, 1879
- Publisher
- Washington, D.C. : Executive Committee of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf, 1886-
- Type
- Magazines (periodicals), Text
- Description
- 72 p. : ill., ports.; 22-28 cm.
- Subject
- New York Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--Deaf-blind, New York Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--1878, New York Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--Library, Indiana Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--1878, Illinois Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--1878, Iowa State Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--1878, Simpson, James, Kennedy, J. A., Southwith, Edwin (Mrs.), Palmer, Margaret, Pollock, Margaret, Mississippi Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--Epidemics, Mississippi Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--1878, Columbia Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--1878, Kansas Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--1878, Minnesota Institute for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind--1878, Clarke Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--1878, Sanborn, F. B., Hubbard, Gardiner Greene, Arkansas Deaf-Mute Institute--1878, Taylor, F. C., Carpenter, A. L., Patten, Madeline, Martin, Adam M., Caruthers, C. E., Hammond, A. B., Nebraska Institute for the Deaf and Dumb--1878, Nebraska Institute for the Deaf and Dumb--Visible Speech, Horace Mann School for the Deaf--1878, Morrison, Rebecca, St. Joseph's of the Sacred Heart (Throgg's Neck, NY), Colorado Institution for the Education of Mutes--1878, Kennedy, O. J., Harbert, H. M., Colorado Index (Periodical), Cincinnati Day-School for the Deaf and Dumb--1878, King, Robert, Brunner, Kate E., Western Pennsylvania Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--1878, Western New York Institution for Deaf-Mutes--1878, Ellis, S. A., Sutherland, Ward T., McGill, Lucy W., Tousey, Mary E., Thompson, Annette E., Western New York Institution for Deaf-Mutes--Relocations, Palmer, W. J., Meudell, F. P., Ontario Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--1878, Mackay Institution for Protestant Deaf-Mutes--1878, Bulmer, Clara, Paris Exposition (1878)--Exhibits--Deaf, Preschool education--Deaf, Home schooling--Deaf, International Congress for the Improvement of the Condition of Deaf-Mutes, Schools--Deaf--United States--Tabular data--1878, Language instruction--Natural method, Dogs--Mute, Hearing ear dogs--1878, Rogers, Dsvid S., Composers--Deaf--Czechoslovakia, Smetana, Bedrich, Musicians--Deaf--Czechoslovakia, Deafness, Functional, Spafford, Lizzie, Vocational education--Deaf education, Schools--Deaf--Vocational education, Bridgman, Laura Dewey--Books, Life and Education of Laura Dewey Bridgman... (Book review), Methodik des Sprach-Unterrichts in Taubsrummen-Anstalten, Die (Book review), Soder, Heinrich--Publications, Lamson, Mary Swift--Publications, Indiana Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--Library, Libraries--Deaf--Catalogs, Catalogue of the Library of the Indiana Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, Poems, Arithmetic instruction--Deaf education, Mathematics instruction--Deaf education, Gestures, Sign language, Sign language--Cistercian monks, Sign language--Greek drama, Snapped fingers (Gesture), Hand shaking (Gesture), Marrying (Gesture), Cowering (Gesture), Prostration (Gesture), Respect (Gesture), Bowing (Gesture), Schools--Deaf--Enrollment, Aggregate, Schools--Deaf--Numbers
- Title
- American Annals of the Deaf and Dumb Vol.27 No.1
- Created
- January 1, 1882
- Publisher
- Washington, D.C. : Executive Committee of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf, 1886-
- Type
- Magazines (periodicals), Text
- Description
- 75 p. : ill., ports.; 22-28 cm.
- Subject
- Pratt, J. M., Pennsylvania Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--1881, Pennsylvania Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, Oral Branch--1881, Byers, M. A., Kessler, Ida W., Schory, A. H., Coggeshall, H., Ohio Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb--1881, Wisconsin Institute for the Deaf and Dumb--1881, Ritscher, R. C., Simpson, James, Cowden, Virginia, Iowa State Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--1881, Deaf-Mute Hawk-Eye (Periodical), Texas Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb--1881, Texas Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb--Facilities, California Institution for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind--1881, Handy, ____ (Miss; speech teacher), Institution for the Improved Instruction of Deaf-Mutes (New York)--1882, Arkansas Deaf-Mute Institute--1881, Arkansas Deaf-Mute Institute--Periodicals, Deaf-Mute Optic (Periodical), Nebraska Institute for the Deaf and Dumb--1881, Eddy, ____ (Miss; teacher), Hendereson, Fannie, Johnston, Effie, Farrant, M. J., Lyons oral school for the deaf (France)--1881, Gesetze der Physiologie und Psychologie uber Entstehung (Book review), Pantomime, Sign language--Religious uses, Teaching efficiency--Deaf education, Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf and Dumb (1882)--Call, Controverse entre l'Abbe de l'Epee et Samuel Heinicke (Book review), Method of Teaching the Deaf and Dumb Speech, Lip-Reading (Book), De la Parole Comme Objet et Comme Moyen d'enseignement (Book review), How Shall the Deaf Be Educated? (Article review), Gallaudet, Edward Miner, Raindrop, The (Periodical review), Gesture Speech of Man, The (Book review), Report of the Conference of the Governing Bodies of Institutions (Book revi, Conference of the Governing Bodies of Institutions for the Education of the, Oralism vs. manualism debate--Conferences--Great Britain, Arithmetic instruction--Deaf education, Mathematics instruction--Deaf education, Abacus--Mathematics instruction, Fractions (Mathematics)--Deaf education, Garfield, James Abram, National Deaf-Mute College--Relationship with Federal Government, Conference of Church Workers among Deaf-Mutes (1881), Gallaudet, Thomas, Syle, Henry Winter, Clerc, Francis J., Peet, Isaac Lewis, Turner, Job, Mann, Austin Ward, Carlin, John, Garfield, James Abram--Memorials, Garfield, James Abram--Busts, French, Daniel Chester--Commissions, Oral method--Italy--1881, De Rossi, ____ (Italian educator), Education--Deaf--Italy--1881, Hearing aids--1882, Otoacoustic fans, Bone conduction hearing--Devices, Consanguinity--Deaf, Religion--Correlations with deafness, Social class--Correlation with deafness, Schools--Deaf--World--1881, Schools--Deaf--United States--Tabular data--1881
- Title
- American Annals of the Deaf and Dumb Vol.8 No.2
- Created
- January 1, 1856
- Publisher
- Washington, D.C. : Executive Committee of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf, 1886-
- Type
- Magazines (periodicals), Text
- Description
- 64 p. : ill., ports.; 22-28 cm.
- Subject
- Deaf colonies and states (Proposed), Class assignment--Deaf education, Methodical signs, Wood engravings--Deaf--New York, Smallpox--Deaf--Vermont, American Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb--Smallpox, New York Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--Wood engravi, Gallaudet, Thomas Hopkins--Memorials--Engravings, Nonverbal thinking--Deaf, Delirium--Deaf, Hallucinations--Deaf, Teachers of the deaf--Duties and responsibilities, Indiana Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--1855, Census--Deaf--Great Britain--1851, Statistics--Deaf--Great Britain--1851, Schools--Deaf--Great Britain--Statistics--1851, Tennessee Deaf and Dumb School--1855, Mathematics instruction--Deaf education
- Title
- American Annals of the Deaf Vol.32 No.2
- Created
- April 1, 1887
- Publisher
- Washington, D.C. : Executive Committee of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf, 1886-
- Type
- Magazines (periodicals), Text
- Description
- 68 p. : ill., ports.; 22-28 cm.
- Subject
- Arithmetic instruction--Deaf education, Mathematics instruction--Deaf education, Wing, George--Obituaries, Teachers--Deaf, France--Deaf--Statistics--1886, Statistics--Deaf--France--1886, Schools--Deaf--Germany--Statistics--1886, Wing, George--Portraits, Bombay Institution for Deaf-Mutes (Bombay, India)--1886, Authors--Deaf, Schools--Deaf--China--1887, Hearing, Hallucinations of--Deaf, Hallucinations--Deaf, Deafness, Congenital, Mutes (Term), Schools--Deaf--United States--Cost per capita, Education--Deaf--Cost per capita, Lesquereux, Leo, Botanists--Deaf, Geologists--Deaf, Lipreading--Bilingual, English language--Lipreading difficulties, California Institution for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind--1887, Crandall, Kate--Obituaries, Willard, H. B. (Mrs.)--Obituraries, Carter, ___ (Miss; teacher), Perry, Charles Strong, Illinois Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--1887, Hammond, Henry C., Melville, Hannah Louisa--Memorials, Thomas, Harriet, Hill, C. H., Harris, R. R., Bokee, E. D., Crosby, M., Ijams, M. M., Grow, C. M. jr., Rollins, Emma, Maryland School for the Deaf and Dumb--1887, Palmer, ___ (Miss; teacher), Michigan Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--1887, Minnesota School for the Deaf--1887, Kelly, Jeremiah P., Layton, George, National Deaf-Mute College--Coeds, National Deaf-Mute College--1887, Nebraska Institute for the Deaf and Dumb--1887, New Mexico Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb--1887, Institution for the Improved Instruction of Deaf-Mutes (New York)--1887, Rosenfield, Isaac--Death, Northern New York Institution for Deaf-Mutes--1887, Nutting, Harley W., Rider, Grace A., Cherrier, Pascal S., Crandall, Florence, Lyon, J. E., Oregon School for the Education of Deaf-Mutes--1887, Silent World (Periodical), Pennsylvania Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--Periodicals, Periodicals--Deaf--Pennsylvania, Pettingell, John Hancock--Obituaries, Kennedy, Margaret, St. Louis Day-School for the Deaf--1887, Kendall, W. A., Shapard, Emma, Wright, Villa, Lloyd, ___ (Miss; teacher and matron), Shapard, William, Texas Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb--1887, Washington School for Defective Youth--1887, Mills, John A.--Death, Railroad accidents--Deaf, Wisconsin School for the Deaf (1887), Mentally disabled--Deaf--Case studies, Mary (Mentally disabled deaf person), Morfier, William, Deafness--Alternation with blindness, Blindness--Alternation with deafness, Language instruction--Deaf education, Methodical signs, Barnard, F. A. P., Peet, Isaac Lewis, Peet, Harvey Prindle, Storrs, Richard S., Keep, John Robinson, Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf--Executive Committee, Gillett, P. G., Yale, Caroline A., Organ der Blinden- und Taubstummen-Anstalten in Deutschland (Periodical), Soldiers--Deaf--Statistics--1887, Soldiers--Deaf--Pensions, Oralism--Failures--Germany, Oralism vs. manualism debate, Speech instruction--Deaf--Pros and cons--1886, Bikkers, Ic--Publications, Spreeckonst van Pieter Montans, De (Book), D'Estrella, Theophilus Hope--Publications, Virgil Williams' Art Notes to a Deaf-Mute Pupil (Periodical article), McCarthy, Gerald--Publications, Wilmington Flora: A List of Plants... (Book), Papers Respecting Deaf-Mutes in France, Germany, Italy, ... (Book review), Proceedings of the Third Convention of the Pennsylvania Deaf-Mute... (Book), Report of the Mission to the Adult Deaf and Dumb of Ireland... (Book), Vatter, J.--Publications, Wand-Fibel (Wall chart), Teachers--Deaf--France--History, Education--Deaf--France--History, Fay, Etienne de, Architects--Deaf--France, Sculptors--Deaf--France, Artists--Deaf--France
- Title
- American Annals of the Deaf Vol.37 No.1
- Created
- January 1, 1892
- Publisher
- Washington, D.C. : Executive Committee of the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf, 1886-
- Type
- Magazines (periodicals), Text
- Description
- 91 p. : ill., ports.; 22-28 cm.
- Subject
- Vocational education--Deaf, Technical education--Deaf, Keller, Helen Adams, World's Columbian Exposition (1893)--Teachers of the deaf--Conferences, Teachers of the deaf--Conferences--1893--World, Visible Speech Pioneer (Periodical), Periodicals--Visible speech, Deaf-Mute's Register (Periodical), Silent Press (Periodical), Deaf and Dumb Times (Periodical), Deaf Chronicle (Periodical), Periodicals--Deaf--New York, Periodicals--Deaf--Ohio, Periodicals--Deaf--Great Britain, Schools--Deaf--United States--Instruction methods, Schools--Deaf--Canada--Instruction methods, Schools--Deaf--United States--Tabular data--1891, Schools--Deaf--Canada--Tabular data--1891, Nissen, Hartvig--Publications, ABC of the Swedish System of Gymnastics (Book review), Gymnastics education, Lyon, Edmund--Publications, Lyon Phonetic Manual, The (Book review), Patterson, Robert--Publications, Course of Study of the Ohio Institution for the Deaf (Book review), Ohio Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb--Curriculum, Teachers of the deaf--Professional status, Teachers of the deaf--Qualifications, Teachers of the deaf--Women, Alabama Institute for the Deaf--1891, Robeerts, Osce, Maguire, M., Arkansas Deaf-Mute Institute--1891, Porter, George S., Barns, Chancy S., Arkansas Mite (Periodical), Gamble, May, Central New York Institution for Deaf-Mutes--1891, Veditz, George W., Harbert, W. M., Colorado School for the Deaf and the Blind--1891, Dakota School for the Deaf and Dumb--1891, Von Behren, Emma, Wright, Frank R., Evansville Deaf-Mute School (Evansville, IN)--1891, Macy, Emma T., Kerney, Charles, Florida Institute Herald (Periodical), Florida Institute for the Deaf and the Blind--1891, Florida Institute for the Deaf and the Blind--Periodicals, Fredericton Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb--1891, Demmons, Willard R., Barnaby, W. O., Georgia Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb--1891, Indiana Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb--1891, Phonographs--Deaf education--Indiana, Kentucky Institution for the Education of Deaf-Mutes--1891, Lyle, Nellie, Gentry, Pattie, Maris, Mabel, Barker, Frances, Louisiana Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb and the Blin, Shuey, Stephen, Tracy, H. Lorraine, Louisiana Pelican (Periodical), Mackay Institution for Protestant Deaf and Blind--1891, Ashcroft, John Imrie--Death, Manitoba Institution for the Education of the Deaf--1891, Manitoba Institution for the Education of the Deaf--Fires, Spaight, Augusta, Maryland School for the Colored Blind and Deaf--1891, Stauffer, D. Edward, Minnesota School for the Deaf--1891, Watson, C. R., Hanson, Olof, Missouri School for the Deaf and Dumb--1891, McCue, D. C., Reed, Eliza, Gross, Henry, Grow, Charles M., jr., Nebraska Institute for the Deaf and Dumb--1891, Comp, Eva, New England Industrial School for Deaf-Mutes--1891, Swett, Lucy M.--Wedding, Sanders, George T., Sheldon, Fidelia, New Jersey School for the Deaf--1891, Dey, L. M., North Dakota School for the Deaf--1891, North Dakota Banner (Periodical), Periodicals--Deaf--North Dakota, Periodicals--Deaf--Arkansas, Periodicals--Deaf--Louisiana, Axling, P. L., Ohio Institution for the Education of the Deaf and Dumb--1891, Halse, George W., Crandon, Ira, Home for the Training in Speech of Deaf Children (Philadelphia, PA)--1891, St. Louis Day-School for the Deaf--1891, Herdman, Pearl, Vail, Helen C., Sarah Fuller Home for Little Children Who Cannot Hear--1891, Sarah Fuller Home for Little Children Who Cannot Hear--History--1888-1891, Western Pennsylvania Institution for the Deaf and Dumb--1891, Macmillan, ____ (Miss; speech teacher), Searles, J. B., Education--Deaf--Compulsory--Wisconsin, Educational law and legislation--Deaf--Wisconsin, Oralism--Hygienic aspects, Lungs--Health--Deaf, Oralism vs. manualism debate--Hygienic aspects, Sullivan, Annie M., Westervelt, Z. F.--Misquotations, Schools--Deaf--United States--Statistics--1840-1889, Schools--Deaf--Germany--Statistics, Schools--Deaf--Austria-Hungary--Statistics, Schools--Deaf--Switzerland--Statistics, Schools--Deaf--Luxembourg--Statistics, Schools--Deaf--Russia (Baltic Province)--Statistics, Moral education--Deaf, Sexton, Samuel--Publications, Religious instruction--Deaf education, Whipple, Jonathan, Mathematics instruction--Deaf education